# What is Web 4.0?

An introduction to the Independent Internet and what Web 4.0 means for decentralized connectivity.

## Beyond Web 3.0

Web 4.0 is the next evolution of internet infrastructure — moving beyond decentralized applications toward a fully independent, community-operated network layer. Where Web 3.0 focused on ownership of data and assets, Web 4.0 focuses on ownership of the underlying connectivity itself.

## The Independent Internet

AP0110 defines the Independent Internet as a network that operates outside traditional ISP infrastructure. It is built on open protocols, mesh networking, and community-maintained nodes that provide resilient connectivity without dependence on centralized providers.

## Core Principles

- **Open Protocols** — All specifications are publicly documented and freely implementable
- **Mesh Architecture** — No single point of failure; traffic routes around damage or censorship
- **Community Ownership** — Nodes are operated by individuals, schools, and organizations
- **Interoperability** — Designed to bridge with existing internet infrastructure, not replace it

## Applications

The AP0110 Network Operating System implements Web 4.0 principles through modular, containerized software that runs on commodity hardware. Current deployments support CalCompute (SB-53) and provide connectivity for underserved communities through the Ladies in Informatics Initiative.